Sump Pump Types: Choosing the Right Protection for Your Home
Learn about different sump pump types, including crawl space pumps, pedestal vs. submersible, and battery backups. Find out what size sump pump you need and how to manage water in your home.
A Dry Basement Starts with the Right Pump
If you’ve ever walked into your basement or crawl space after heavy rain and found standing water, you know how stressful it can feel. Water in your home doesn’t just create a mess, it can lead to foundation damage, mold growth, and costly repairs.
That’s where sump pumps come in.
At Quality Waterproofing, we’ve been helping St. Louis homeowners protect their homes from water damage for nearly 70 years. We understand how overwhelming it can be to choose the right pump or to know when yours needs an upgrade. This guide breaks down the most common sump pump types, how they work, and how to pick the right one for your home.
What Is a Sump Pump?
A sump pump is a device installed in the lowest part of your basement or crawl space and even sometimes on the exterior of your home. It collects excess water from around your foundation and pumps it safely away from your home.
Sump pumps are an essential part of a home’s water management system, especially in areas like St. Louis where heavy rain, clay soil, and freeze/thaw cycles put homes at high risk for leaks.
According to FEMA, sump pumps are one of the most effective ways to prevent basement flooding (FEMA.gov).
Common Sump Pump Types
Not all pumps are created equal. Here are the most common types homeowners encounter:
1. Submersible Sump Pump
Installed inside the sump pit.
Quieter and more powerful than pedestal pumps.
Ideal for basements with frequent or heavy water.
2. Pedestal Sump Pump
Motor sits above the pit with a hose extending into the sump basin.
Easier to service but noisier and less powerful.
Suitable for smaller basins or occasional water problems.
3. Crawl Space Sump Pump
Compact design for tight crawl spaces.
Helps protect against moisture buildup that leads to mold or wood rot.
Often paired with crawl space encapsulation for full protection.
4. Battery Backup Sump Pump
Provides protection when the power goes out during storms.
Can be installed alongside either pedestal or submersible pumps.
Crucial for areas with frequent severe weather.
5. Combination Systems
Primary pump + battery backup in one system.
Offers the highest level of protection for homeowners who don’t want to take risks.
How Big a Sump Pump Do I Need?
Choosing the right size sump pump depends on:
Horsepower (HP): Most homes use 1/3 HP pumps. Larger homes or those with frequent flooding may need 1/2 HP or more.
Pump Capacity: Measured in gallons per minute (GPM). The greater the volume of water in your area, the higher the capacity you’ll need.
Head Pressure: The vertical distance water needs to be pumped out. A higher lift requires a stronger pump.
A professional inspection can ensure you’re not under- or over-sizing your pump—both of which can shorten its lifespan.
Why Sump Pumps Are Key for Water Management
Water management for homeowners is about more than just a pump—it’s about creating a system that works together to keep your home dry.
Exterior Drainage – Gutters, downspouts, and grading direct water away from the foundation.
Interior Drainage – French drains and drain tile systems guide water into the sump basin.
Sump Pump – Pumps collected water away from the home.
Backup Systems – Protect against storms and outages.
A sump pump is the heart of this system, but it works best when paired with comprehensive waterproofing solutions.
Sump Pump Maintenance Tips
Like any piece of equipment, sump pumps need regular care:
Test your pump at least twice a year (spring and fall). Here's a video on how to do it.
Clean debris from the basin.
Check the discharge line to ensure it’s not blocked.
Replace older pumps (typically every 7–10 years).
Neglecting maintenance is one of the most common causes of pump failure during storms.
Common Sump Pump Problems
Pump runs constantly – May indicate a stuck float or undersized pump.
Pump doesn’t run – Electrical issue, failed motor, or clogged impeller.
Strange noises – Worn bearings or debris in the impeller.
Basement still wet – Discharge line may be blocked or improperly placed.
When to Call the Experts
DIY homeowners can test and maintain pumps, but when it comes to choosing the right type, sizing it correctly, or handling frequent failures, it’s time to call a professional.
At Quality Waterproofing, we help homeowners design water management systems that include:
Sump pump installation and maintenance
FAQs About Sump Pump Types
Q: Do all homes need a sump pump?
Not always—but in areas with high water tables, heavy rainfall, or clay soil, they’re highly recommended.
Q: How long do sump pumps last?
Typically 7–10 years with proper maintenance.
Q: Can I install a sump pump myself?
DIY is possible for simple setups, but professional installation ensures correct sizing and drainage.
Protect Your Home with the Right Sump Pump
Water intrusion is stressful—but with the right sump pump system, you can relax knowing your home is protected.
At Quality Waterproofing, we’ll help you choose the right sump pump type, size, and setup for your basement or crawl space. Our goal is simple: give you peace of mind and a dry home, no matter the weather.
